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Galden Jampaling Monastery is a Buddhist monastery in Chamdo, Tibet, China. ==History== Looking down from the top of the Tamala Pass, Chambaling Monastery appears tucked in the crisscrossing mountain ranges on a knoll-composed layers of red earth formed by ancient glaciers between the Tsarchu and Ngom Qu Rivers. This monastery was founded during the Ming dynasty by a disciple of Tsongkapa after Tsongkapa's religious reform in Tibet. According to Gelug Sect rules, the Chamdo Monastery should harbor 2,500 monks. When Tsongkapa made his journey into Tibet via Chamdo in 1373, he predicted that in the future a monastery would be erected and Buddhism would flourish in the area. Later, in 1437, Jansem Sherab Zangpo, one of Tsongkapa's disciples, founded the monastery on a rocky hill between the Ngom Qu and Tsarchu Rivers, and modeled it on a flying eagle about to land.〔Gruschke 2004, p. 36f.〕 It is also known as the Changbalin or Qiangbalin Si Monastery. At its height it contained five main temples and housed some 2,500 monks. The main relic is the statue of the Jampa (the Future Buddha) from which the name of the monastery, Chambaling is derived. The monastery is the largest of the Gelug Sect monasteries in Chamdo region and is divided into five colleges: the Lingtod, Lingme, Nupling, Kuchuk, and Chagra-khapa. By this time the monastery had 130 subordinate monasteries in the Kham region, mostly concentrated in Chamdo, Drayak, Pagshod, Shopado, Sang-ngag Choling, and Powo. The Monastery has always maintained close relationship with successive interior imperial counts. The giant living Buddha of the monastery has been granted titles since the reign of the Kangxi Emperor in the Qing dynasty. It still keeps the brass seal granted to Phagpalha Living Buddha during the Kangxi Emperor's reign. In the Kangxi era, Chambaling Monastery made good effort to help the Qing Empire in its war against the Dzungar Khanate. So the 6th Pagbalha was made a "Nuomenhan" by the Kangxi Emperor, and given a bronze seal, and he was also one of the six ho-thog-thues after the emperor praised Panchen Erdini. The Kangxi Emperor wrote "Ganden Chambaling Monastery" for the temple. At that time, the temple was under the most prosperous development, including 3500 Buddhas and 135 branch temples in Chamdo. Five Living Buddha had Zhacangs (the sutra halls)：Lindui, Linmai, Nulin, Kuqiu and Jiarekaba，and the third Phagpalha used to be the master of the temple. Chamdo is the gateway between Sichuan and Tibet, and so is an important trading center. The monastery, too, engaged in trade. It distributed its profits equally among the monks in the form of daily necessities such as butter, “tsampa”(barley flour), brick tea etc. At the end of the year, the monastery equally distributed all the left profits. Chambaling Monastery was similar to other major Tibetan Buddhist Monasteries, with the well-reserved statues, frescos and Tangkas (Buddhist paintings). As one of the three leading temples in "old" Tibet, it took up a great amount of land and hired bondmen. But all "abbot", "kanbu" and "Living Buddha" could not live luxury life according to the rules. The monastery stands high on the mountain, all Buddhas had to go down to the river and carry water to the monastery. There were twenty-two big bronze pots, each containing more than 100 barrels of water. Everyday, the residents living around carried drinking water to the monastery to support 2500 Buddhas' daily lives. Because the monastery is located at the highest part of Chamdo Town, you can have a bird view of the whole county, where the roaring Lantsang River converges Ngom Qu River and Tsarchu Rivers. The monastery committee consists of 11 persons, including 1 supervisor and 3 assistant supervisors. They are in charge of monastery’s construction, security, teaching and finance, etc. All Buddhas begin to read the Buddhism books at 7a.m, then have seminar in afternoon, and review what they have done the whole day at 6 p.m. If anyone did not obey the rule, the monastery would expel him〔(tibetguru.com )〕 According to tradition there were 3,000 monks with Jangsem Sherab Zangpo when establishing the monastery, and some more than 2,000 at the beginning of the 19th century. It was destroyed in 1912 but the main hall (which was used as a prison) and two other buildings survived, and it was rebuilt in 1917 after the Tibetan army retook Chamdo. It now houses about 800 monks.〔Buckley and Straus 1986, p. 216.〕〔Mayhew and Kohn 2005, p. 241.〕〔(Chambaling Monastery (Camdo Monastery) )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Galden Jampaling Monastery」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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